Mr. Blake’s views on Upon Westminster Bridge :: Westminster Bridge Poetry Essays

Mr. Blakes views on Upon Westminster Bridge I hit the books Mr Wordsworths rime. I was dismayed by his views on London. Iwas horror-stricken when I read the for the first time line. Earth has not anything toshow more fair, I believed he would pay experienced beautiful viewssince he was brought up in the Lake District. He obviously has notseen London in 1794. I have lived in London for many years of my life.I have seen sight in poverty from the poorest parts of London topeople in mansions the richest places. One day I was walking donethe passageways of London and it sprung upon me to enlighten unnecessary a poem. This ismy view on the existing London. I opened the poem with the line I wonderthrough each contract alley I used this word wandered to make it seem as if I was freely roamingthe streets not knowing where I was or where I was going. As if I waslost down the back streets of London. Chartered street buy ins themark of changed and revolutionised London. All the st reets seemed dulland grim and had something mysterious active them.My second line was on the same theme as the first line first from itid talking about the ThamesNear where the chartered Thames does flow, in the first draft ofthis poem I wrote repellant Thames instead of chartered Thames. Ichanged because I felt that it would have more effect. Everywhere isdirty in London, but I am trying to say that all over is dull andgrim also as you are walking through the streets it is like deja vu.One of the most distinct things about London is how the people lookand feel. My next two lines are,And mark in every typeface I meet marks of weakness marks of woeAs l walked though the streets I could see no one was smiling. Iactually felt sorry for some people. Nearly every mortal I met lookedill or suffered from malnutrition due to over working, low income, nofood and poor living space. I used this stanza to emphasize my viewsand to make it sound more obvious, to paint a picture in the readers hearIn every cry of everyman this next stanza is very strong andmeaningful. A crying man is not often heard. Unless he is under realdistress. Suffering is a very big theme in the street of Londoneverywhere you walk you can see it in the stanza, I started the firstthree lines with in every to emphasize my point.

Franco Zeffirelli and Baz Luhrmanns Romeo and Juliet :: William Shakespeare

Franco Zeffirelli and Baz Luhrmanns Romeo and Juliet         Sex, drugs, and force-out ar usually a potent combination, and only William Shakespeare could develop them into a masterful, poetic, and  elegant story.  In the play, The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, all these aspects of teenage life hook on the reader or watcher.  It is understood that Hollywood would try to imitate this chef-doeuvre on screen, and it has done so in 2 films Franco Zeffirellis 1968 Romeo and Juliet and Baz Luhrmanns 1996 William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet.  The updated Luhrmann picture outdo captures the essence of Shakespeare for the present-day viewer.  Through the ingenious use of currentization and location, patch preserving Shakespearean language, the spirit of Shakespeare emerges to captivate a large listening.         Shakespeares plays were designed to align to any audience with this in mind, Baz Luhrmann c reated a film that applies to the modern audience through this updating. Luhrmann modernizes Romeo and Juliet, through constant alterations of the props, which entice the audience into genuinely face the spirit of Shakespeare.  First, the movie starts with an prologue masked as a news mail on television.  This sets the scene of the play by illustrating the violence occurring between the two wealthy families, the Montagues and the Capulets.  In Zeffirellis film of Romeo and Juliet, the prologue takes the form of a dry cashier relating the story of the Montagues and Capulets over a backdrop of an Italian city.  For most modern viewers (especially teenagers), the Luhrmann picture is fast-paced, keeping the spectator intrigued, while the Zeffirelli picture is sour and dull, an endless maze of long and boring conversations, foreshadowed by the prologue.  In Luhrmanns film, the actors, alternatively of carrying swords with them, hide guns in their shirts and wield them expertly.  The death of Romeo and Juliet is (as always) blamed on the mark office, for not delivering the letter properly.  And, to be politically correct, Mercutio appears at the Capulets ball refined as a large woman.  The actors in Zeffirellis version of Shakespeare wear colour tights and bulging blouses thus they appear more comical because they are outdated.  By modernizing these aspects of the play, and reconstructing the prologue, Luhrmann creates a movie

Discrimination on Blacks Essay

Thesis Statement Many the Statesns cherish their country as a place of opportunities, just African Americans have experienced despicable things and have not been minded(p) the chance white Americans have, as others in this country. African Americans were freed from slavery by the 13th amendment of the constitution and the 14th amendment and let them be free alone that did not mean they were given the comparable opportunities as other white people. But still in the 1960s they were discriminated against because of the color of their skin. This means they were not allowed to go to the same school, movie theaters, restrooms, existence facilities.Before the Civil War blacks were not allowed to read and write. Their white owners mat that if they became educated they would not want to be slaves. After slaves were freed in America the government had to decide how to share resources with blacks, In regard to education it was headstrong that African Americans had the right to an educat ion however it was decided separate but equal was fine. This meant that schools were designed so black and white people were served but in separate areas or different locations. The problem was blacks and whites were not given the same buildings or resources, African Americans got much less.Whites believed that blacks were incapable of learning at an advanced level. In the 1960s, 15 percent of African Americans had no schooling, and 48 percent had never gone beyond the fifth grade. The reason behind this was because African Americans were treated so horrible. They were called niggers, black monkeys and foetid trash. African Americans also transmit threats how if they came across town where whites were they would be burned-over or killed. The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws in the United States betwixt 1876 and 1965.The Jim Crow law was to segregate African Americans and whites for the reason that blacks would not be in contact with the whites. One of the civil rights a ctivists was Rosa Parks who was a African American who faced horrible discrimination. December 1, 1955 in Montgomery, aluminium Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat in a colored section for a white passenger because she felt that she should get equal rights. Another activist was Martin Luther King Jr. In 1963 on the Washington March Martin Luther King Jr. made a I have a dream speech where he talked about racial problems and discrimination.

Ethics Article Review Essay

Ethics in invoice and financial decisiveness-making has received change magnitude attention due to large corporal scandals such as WorldCom and Enron in recent long time. Legislation such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act has attempted to founder corporations more transparent to internal and external stakeholders. After analyzing the 2005 article by Richard Bernardi and Catherine LaCross, Corporate Transparency Code of Ethics Disclosures, recommendations will be make to improve honorable foundations at the San Quentin State prison based on the parameters outlined by Sarbanes-Oxley.In the Corporate Transparency article, the key portend is made that along with changes in the accounting practices, disclosing a order of ethics to the globe will ensure better internal compliance with ethical practices. Those organizations that did not publicly get word codes of ethics were less likely to authentically conform to ethical practices required in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 was statute law enacted in response to large corporate scandals.The Act calls for public corporations to publicly disclose all financial statements, store all electronic records for five years and these rules are governed by the SEC (Spurzem, 2006). Sarbanes Oxley has impacted organizations in that accountants and financial decision makers are open to public scrutiny based on the public financial statement disclosures and IT departments must adequately create and admit corporate archives that are cost effective and in compliance with legislation (Spurzem, 2006). Organizations have been impacted financially by having to add extra resources to maintain compliance and avoid fines.According to Bernardi and LaCross, . . . one example of a better(p) practice in hydrofoil is a corporation making its code of ethics readily in stock(predicate) for public scrutiny on its website (par 1). Corporations enlarge legitimacy with openly stated code of ethics and websites are an e conomically feasible avenue for making a particular code available to the public. The article argues that organizations that go beyond the basic requirements of Sarbanes-Oxley and declare a oecumenical code of ethics show that the organization is willing to walk the verbalize of ethics.SEC chairman Donaldson is quoted as saying . . . going beyond unsullied adherence or conformity to new dictates and of Sarbanes-Oxley responsibilities that rest at the truly heart of their obligation to create a corporate socialization of transparency and accountability (Bernardi, 2005, par 6). Integrating ethics into a corporate culture is extremely effective in ensuring strong ethical compliance inside organizations. At the San Quentin State Prison, ethics are important in umteen aspects of business including accounting, financial decisions, inmate treatment, medical care, and general work environment. there are many opportunities for unethical practices to take hold in a prison facility. Sin ce the facility is closed off to the general public, self-monitoring is a crucial part of maintaining an ethical environment in all aspects of the prison business. San Quentin has the responsibility to use public tax dollars wisely and ethically as thoroughly as to maintain a corporate culture with high integrity. ground on the research findings by Bernardi and LaCross, the recommendation for a San Quentin State Prison public code of ethics will focus the entire prison cultural towards walking the ethical talk.All prison employees would be held one by one responsible for maintaining the highest code of ethics across all job functions from accounting and financial decision-makers to medical employees. Ethics in business span larger than just accounting and financial-decision making. While these areas are extremely important, developing a code of ethics for all job functions in an organization is prerequisite to maintaining an ethical corporate environment. At San Quentin Priso n, an official code of ethics would indicate the organization to best practices to ensure success.Referenceshttp//searchcio.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid19_gci920030,00.html

Martin Luther King. American Rhetoric Essay

Martin Luther poofIntroduction            While giving his speech, Martin Luther tycoon employ pathos as well as ethos and logos. By using pathos, nance intended to even off the people hate racism. King states that blackamoores have been weaken by chains of discrimination (American Rhetoric, 2001)By this educational activity, King intended to make the whites realize that they have broken the promises drafted in the constitution. While using ethos, King uses the example of bad check. This is seen when he states that denying Negroes their civil rights shows that, America has given the Negro people a bad check(American Rhetoric, 2001)            While using logos, King refers to the independence Proclamation that was signed by Lincoln in a move to end slavery. While addressing the crowd, King states that Lincoln signed the Emancipation proclamation to end, the long night of their captivity ( American Rhetoric, 2001) The main objective of this statement was to inform the crowd that that even Lincoln, a very prominent presage in the US history, was against racism.ReferencesAmerican Rhetoric. (2001). Martin Luther King, Jr. Retrieved on 1 January 2015 from http//www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm outset document

Rci Master Distributors

RCI bounce back Distributor Evolution of Supplier Relationships 9/16/2012 conference 3 PHILIP CORRADINI (IE/15/009) KAMALIKA GANGOLY (PGP/15/019) S. SIDDHARTH (PGP/15/048) DEVINA BHASKAR (PGP/15/082) APOORVA GOYAL (PGP/15/130) MADHURI MUKHERJEE (PGP/15/155) AMARENDRA (PGP/15/202) DHANANJAY JANARTHANAN (PGP/15/216) GAUTAM S (PGP/15/277) S. HARIPRASAD (PGP/15/314) HISTORY OF RCI 1946 rat Schwartz founded a motor impact traffic and secured a GE claim for component split. He was instrumental in bringing roughly a overhaul innovation by exchanging fully working motors with customers who came in for repairs of their upturned down motors.He then repaired them and replenished his motor inventory. 1962- GEs General take Control operation developed a new contactor for its air-conditioning and refrigeration occupancy. saphead Schwartz attained the rights to exclusively distribute these contactors to the aftermarket through air-conditioning and refrigeration wholesalers. 1963 RCI had demonstrated to GE that they could get GEs crops to market, with the parts moving from master allocators to wholesalers and at ache last service repair persons. RCI also worked in the direction of providing new innovations in terms of packing and product innovations as well.Mark Swartz worked with GE engineers and through this inputs in developing innovations, RCI continued to distribute these models exclusively. 1974 Danny Swartz takes to a greater extent responsibility and bestir oneselfs taking entirely the day-to-day business decisions. Some of the key values which RCI followed were * Working by developing a relationship of trust and faith with suppliers. They did not pitch any formally drawn contracts. * Demonstrating to the suppliers how difficult distribution was and how RCIs competencies could not be replicated. CURRENT SYSTEM The current position of RCI was as followsRCI distributed oer 6000 electrical and related products earning revenue of $ 35. 8 million and with operating wampum of $ 3 million. RCI plays the place of a master allocator i. e. it sells to air-conditioning and refrigeration wholesalers who in turn sell to air conditioning and refrigeration contractors and repair houses. Their role is essentially restricted to the aftermarket focussing for repair parts. RCIS SALES put to work RCI uses a network of independent manufacturers reps. who were 45 in numbers and from 14 companies. The average commission received by them was 3. % and unremarkably do not carry competing lines. RCI operated five w arehouses which were electronically linked and operated on real- fourth dimension inventory basis. RCIs strength was in commercial refrigeration and air-conditioning business where price was secondary in some cases and reliability was more revered. Manufacturers of Electronic cistrons Ex GE, Texas Instrument, Honeywell, Emerson W. W. Grainger Wholesale/ Distributor 330 Outlets all overlord Distributors e. g. , RCI, Steveco, Brown ell, GEM gadget Equipment Manufacturers e. g. , GE, Amana, Trane Air-conditioning, Refrigeration and Appliance Wholesalers approx 1250 with 4000 branches) Repair and Service Houses (approx. 10,000) Appliance Retail Dealers Consumers Overview of attention Channel Structure Conflicts with GE GE Appliance and guard issue of exclusivity In 1976, RCI first lost its exclusivity for frigidity controls to GEM which started selling 10 times the rule book of cold controls as compared to RCI. GE Appliance and control was not very confident with Mark Schwartz who had but 3 old age of distribution business experience. GEMs success conduct to bit-by-bit loss of exclusivity of PCI over other products.GE appliance and control used compulsory indicator against RCI because the latter was not able to increase the sales lot as desired by the former. Listed below are the out travel alongs of GE Motorss distribution channel study- a. Master distributors were gradually becoming uneffective and ineffective in managing inventories, product knowledge and providing merchandising support. b. Master distributors were be bypassed by suppliers who were selling products today to wholesalers. c. The wholesalers were getting products at prices 5-17% lower than GEs master distributors from GEs competitions selling directly to them. . Master distributors started losing share of sales to manufacturers selling directly to wholesalers. GE Motors hence determined to keep master distributors but proposed to sell directly to top 10 wholesalers, a proposal that would have given RCI a very upright blow. But RCI threatened GE motors to take back existing inventories with them, tutelage them for catalogue printing and distribution agnize up and refused any kind of repair service which meant end of the relationship. RCI had been in this business for a very long time and its innovative ideas were not being imitated by competitors as efficaciously as they could.The threat resulted in GE scrapping the proposal. This showcases the use of Expert power by RCI owing to its expertise in distribution channel. This time fairly GE wanted to bypass RCI and remove its exclusivity by selling its products to WW Grainger who was a distributer/wholesaler (that too, a large one). This was esp. in the case of physical body and control relay which had been mastered by Mark Schwartz for GE nether the RCI banner. We could say this was GEs display of Legitimate source as it was looking out for options which could have brought in more sales record book to GE.RCI established itself as a standard in low cost lower end two back devices a 2 trafficker only next to Honeywell in retaliation to GE not bring down its price or developing a low cost product for the low end device by tying up with Component Manufacturing Seeing this GE approaches RCI to distribute its low cost private score for the lower end of the business. This behavior or GE was due to RCI establishing itself as a reference in Lower end two pole device which can be seen as RCIs Referent office staff. Post the death of Mark Schwartz GE wanted to eliminate the Master Distributers completely.Danny threatened to drop the GE Line completely and add in competitors line. GE yielded to this seeing the revenue from RCI as a bird in hand better than two in the bush where it had to develop newer channel partners. Thus in this case we can say that RCI exhibited Reward Power RCI GEM Difficult period in 1986 The demise of Mark Swartz left wing Danny Schwartz in charge of RCI for the first time. There was decline in sales for the first time in 1986 since 1971. There was also a study drop in the profits. Danny feared of making a loss due to these reasons.This led to questions whether RCI be able to handle this transition. The following were the threats faced by Danny Schwartz GE acquiring GEM GE bought GEM products in the year 1986, who is a competitor distributor to RCI. Implications of GE takeover of GEM GE could internally lower price to GEM as it was only an internal stir price. If this happens then GEM could sell at a lower price than RCI. And if GEM turns out to be profitable, GE could eliminate RCI as its distributor. Danny Schwartz remarked that this was the scald time of his life. GEs relations with GraingerGrainger was an integrated distributor/wholesaler franchise with 330 wholesale outlets that were served by its own captive distributor. It had significant acquire power at the manufacturer. Grainger though was not a direct competitor to RCI. But it was competitor to the customers of RCI, the other wholesalers. Because of its toughened influence on the consumers, the customers who went to Grainger to make a purchase would continue to buy in Grainger thereby puff away business from the other wholesalers who are RCI customers. This way Grainger causes a atrocious threat to RCI.Pricing policy for OEMs OEMs were also reselling parts of the products. Due to their huge volume of buying, the OEMs were able to purchase GE motors components at discount about 25%. This would imply that price of a component purchased by RCI at 25$ would cost only 20$ to OEMs. Response by RCI Danny struck a deal with A. O. Smith to make top 25 models of products under RCI Label. GE cautioned by Dannys attempt of distributing a fighting brand by reducing its price from 25$ to 21$. It then distributed the A. O. Smith models to the areas where GE sales were weak.THE CRITICAL ARMS OF THE RCI BUSINESS Customers For RCI, the customers are the wholesalers. Their biggest asset is the strong relationships they have built with their customers, which is primarily a result of their performance, and is also somewhat based on their affectionate interactions and experiences with apiece other. RCI tries to re-educate customers in a way that is advantageous for them, mainly by convincing them that junior-grade shipments are better, which increases their faith on RCI. They offer two pre season specials in which they give lengthy terms and rebates based on the quantities purchased.This is contradictory to their philosophy of encouraging small shipments however, it keeps the customers warehouses loaded, leaving lesser space for competitors products. Suppliers Managing suppliers is a major(ip) task for RCI. This is achieved, firstly, by purchasing in volumes, and secondly, by keeping strong social relationships. Social relationships are maintained at a personal take with individuals by making suppliers comfortable in visiting them or having RCI passel visit them, socialising, and working together.However, the downside of maintaining personal relationships is seen when the advocate at the suppliers end moves to a new job. At that juncture it becomes difficult because a new relationship needs to be developed with his successor or boss or other people in the concerned department. trading operations RCI has faced problems at various ends, many a times by losing exclusivity or their suppliers share to competitors. However their competitors have mostly failed with the products they were given. RCI has been able to maintain a significant share in all products except the cold controls which was the first product they lost exclusivity on to GEM.RCI tries to accommodate the needs of each major customer by structuring different deals for them. The RCI business is a comparatively small part of their customers overall business and they make large rude margins on their products. RCI represents not more than 5-10% of their customers business even if they have about 80% market share in the products they supply. As a result, their faith on RCI is low. However, they want their customers to get hooked on to them by on a regular basis placing small orders. Manufacturers Reps The reps cultivate and maintain personal relationships with customers.They are the first point of contact for the customer due to the relationships that they build. In supplement t hey provide One stop shopping for the customers by allowing them to choose from a broad line of products from various manufacturers. The master distributor lacks the manpower or the capability to deal with individual customers and negotiate with them on price or quantity. This factor prevents manufacturers from entering the distribution business directly as he would face the same challenges. While dealing with individual reps the master distributor has significant power as RCI for instance accounts for 50-70% of its reps income.This allows them to be demanding in their expectations from the reps. However at the same time RCI ensures that it makes its payments on time and that it does not cheat its reps out of their commissions. The reps situation appears to be fragile as it can be seen from the case that 75% of the rep companies have come on in the last ten years. In case a particular rep does not perform up to expectations or if he is outsourcing the work to other reps RCI is promp t in getting rid of him. This ensures that only competent salesmen remain. Threats The primary threat faced is the consolidation of customers.This results in a loss of income in the following ways. The manufacturers decide to deal with the consolidated customers directly through their captive distribution divisions leaving out the master distributor entirely. This process also forces existing wholesalers to consolidate or quit the business entirely thereby severing the relationship they have with the master distributor. Upon consolidating customers start centralized distribution warehouses and thereby eliminate the need for specialized go that RCI provides such as rapid delivery.Although margins have remained constant prices have dropped passim the industry. Acting upon the lower base prices the gross margin dollars of RCI has decreased over time. Other problems faced include a growing increase in expenses on account of inflation, increased wages and other costs. At a time of cons tant margins this ends up affecting the bottom line. OEMs have a different relationship with manufactures due to the large volumes they provide. These volumes enable them to purchase parts at a significantly lower rate than independent backup man part distributors.This lowers the value of the assets that these replacement part distributors provide but enables them to drive a greater share of the OEM aftermarket share. OEMs are also head start in-house aftermarket distributors by using the price discounts that they receive from manufacturers. This could be a major threat in the long run as the only function preventing the growth of these firms is the belief that manufacturers would not allow the same product to be sold to two different customers performing the same function at two different prices.RCI competes with such firms on the basis of its credibility and service that it provides. It provides a broad product line and better packaging with operating instructions and labels a t a cost effective rate. Manufacturers prefer selling to companies give care RCI as their margins would be higher. The long term attractiveness of RCIs business is also decreasing due to the fact that prices are margins are being eroded in the long run.

Hunting and mindset Essay

I believe if you have a stubborn mindset its never too late to change and oblige to a growth mindset. The growth mindset allow for lead you to test new things but a rooted(p) mindset will part with you in your tracks causing you only to fail. The type of mindset you have is actu altogethery important because it will influence your action in m some(prenominal) ways. What is the sack between a growth and fixed mindset? Well a growth or confirming mindset leads to a desire to scam and therefore a tendency to embrace challenges, persist in the construction of setbacks, see effort as the path to mastery, and learn from criticism, and find lessons in the success of others.As a result you will reach stock-still higher levels of achievement. A fixed or negative mindset leads to a tendency to look smart at any cost. Therefore a tendency to avoid challenges, natural spring up easily, see effort as fruitless or worse, ignore useful negative feedback, and feel peril by the success of others. As a result you will plateau early and achieve less than your full potential. Some of the ways a positive mind set affected my life happened early in my life. For example when I was ten years experient I went to gang seven hills and took on archery.It was really hard but I conditioned it very quickly and never gave up. When I got dental plate from camp I asked my dad if I could go catch with him once I was old enough and he told me girls cant hunt we are too weak. Because I had a growth mindset I never gave up I practiced without my father every day for three years. I got my hunting license when I was thirteen and went with my friend mike and his parents to their cabin in Olean NY. It was really cold out that day I remember vibration while perched up in my tree I wanted to give up so bad but I wanted to set up my dad price and show him that girls can hunt.Finally a 8 point buck walks in my range I got my bow crap and breathing slowly I pull back the arrow carry f or the kill spot let go WAMM right threw his lungs. I was so excited knowing I just proved to my father that I can do anything I put my mind to. After I turned fifteen I started to develop more of a fixed mindset towards take aim which affected my life in many ways. It all started with failing one test and my life spiraled downhill from there.It was 2003 and I prospect I was on top of the world I could pass any test without studying and I thought I knew everything, but what I didnt know is how this stuck up attitude was going to change my life in a huge way. I walked into my categorize head in the clouds sad down and looked at my test spelling ha this is going to be easy I muttered. I flew through the test give it in and walked out. The next day I got to class and my teacher hand me my test my jaw dropped this has to be a mistake I couldnt of got only a 63% on my test you had to grade it wrong I yelled to the teacher.She gave me detention for yelling at her in class but I didnt bother going I was so mad. I started skipping school and going to parties because at this point I started not to care anymore. When I got home one day my dad grounded me because the school called him and mentioned my behavior to him. I was so mad I ran away from home and started drinking and doing drugs. This caused me to get put in a detention sum of money when I was sixteen and when I got out I moved in with my mother because she didnt care what I did.Now twenty-three I have started to work at getting back into a positive mindset so I can be a full(a) role model for my daughter. In order for someone to adopt a growth mindset, they would have to care about what their mindset is, understand why they act the way they do, and understand that they can change, and the reason for change, which would be to buy the farm a better person, which they would to a fault have to care about. Our mindset will affect us in many ways and it can also affect the people around us which are why we sh ould tense to keep a growth mindset.

Animal Farm Essay Essay

George Orwells satirical altoge in that locationgory puppet Farm perfectly puts these famous run-in first quoted by Lord Acton in a earn to Bishop Mandell Creighton in 1887, into a sure life scenario. In actual fact Acton stated in his letter post t closedowns to undermine, and absolutely power corrupts absolutely. Great men are just or so always bad men. No doubt that when Lord Acton wrote this letter, he was referring to an moment that had occurred during his time as he, kindred Orwell, is a social commentator and was more(prenominal) or less probably reflecting on a leader that had let power lay d take to his head.This phrase however, based on a particular event as it is, has gone on and become a timeless and ever resurfacing eccentric personistic of man. Actons Comment is quite vague however it goes into the very meat of the dynamics of political power and its chance of corrupting. George Orwell in his novella sensual Farm warns of this trait of man and tries to teach that man is weak and those in the position of power impart assign in to corruption if give the chance to. In the purpose of this essay I will describe the corruption of the Animal Farm photographic film adaptation and who later gaining integrality power over the tidings the producers completely misdirect it.This essay will describe how the Animal Farm (the moving picture), was corrupted in the purpose of setting, character and theme. For a long time producers vex been making filmic adaptations of carry hoping to cash in in on their popularity. However in most cases producers agree been changing, cut down and to some point corrupting whole motion pictures just to suit their own needs. Unfortunately the filmic adaptation of Animal Farm has not been spared from this awful slew that seems to follow all classical take fors. It has been corrupted beyond recognition and bears no meaning.The producers declare taken a book that is full of meaning, ripped it apart a nd move it into a joyous g-rated book with no meaning at all. What is incredibly ironic is that when George Orwell put out his novella he wanted to teach the masses and teach them about the flaws of communism and how man could become corrupt is given too much power. On the other hand the producers have used his book to send out the exact opposite pass they have used the book to split up children that communism is wrong and totally unachievable.In other words the producers have taken a book that sends out the message power corrupts and then, after gaining total power of it, have corrupted it themselves. George Orwell, in his novella, has not gone into great decimal point when explaining the setting. Whereas on the other hand, the plastic film adaptation of the film has gone into great detail with the settings and to what feelings they create. The producers have done this as this is a film meant for kids and the easiest way to tell kids that some thing is not right, apart fro m just telling them, is to show them.The producers even went to the chafe of hiring 80 animators just to create the scenery and totally manipulate childrens views. An example of this is with the characterisations description of Manor Farm, which is later called Animal Farm. In the book George Orwell does not go into great detail about the setting except does describe it as a farm that was not considered after too well but was not that bad. In the movie adaptation however, the farm is shown differently. The farm is shown as an unhappy place that had move on evil days.They have used dark cloaked colors to portray the farm and make it somehow look sinister. They producers have done this so that they can influence the opinions of children and make then, from the offset accept that the farm under Joness rule is a bad place. That if you look at it symbolically implies that the country of Russia under the rule of the Tsar is a bad place. other example of this is when, just before and directly after the revolution the color patterns tilt once again.This time the farm is shown as a bright and colorful place that is full of joy and excitement. This change in patterns is obviously to tell kids that the revolution is a good thing. The except other real change in scenery comes near the end of the movie. This is when the producers switch back again to the dark and gloomy theme implying that the animals have yet again gone into a bad time. The characters that have been include in the movie are corrupted just the resembling as the setting. I would even say that the characters are even more corrupted then the setting.For starters many of the characters that George Orwell included in his book have been discarded. The two characters that have been corrupted the most are the characters of Snowball and Napoleon. In the book George Orwell says this for snowball Snowball was a more vivacious bulls eye than Napoleon, speedy in speech and more inventive, but was not co nsidered to have the same depth of character. In the movie Snowball is shows as a uncivilized pig that has fangs and trotters that look very much like claws. The movie in like manner depicts him as a pure white pig.Napoleon is much like snowball as he too is depicted to have fangs and claws the only difference between him and snowball is that he is blackish in color and is a bit plumper. This seems to imply that snowball in the better of the two. whole of the remaining characters have also been corrupt as in the book they were depicted as being able to speak, but in the movie the animals, apart from the pigs, are shown as not smart bountiful to talk. The only animal, apart from the pigs, in the whole movie that talk, are the sheep.This is some other example of corruption as in the book the sheep are stand for as the dumb followers that actually did not know what was happening. In the movie however, the producers make the sheep able to speak, clear implying that the sheep are smarter than the other animals. Another character whose role has been corrupt and changed is gum benjamin. This is what George Orwell verbalize of him in his book Benjamin was the oldest animal on the farm and the worst tempered. He seldom talked, and when he did, it was usually to make some cynical remark Alone among the animals on the farm he never laughed.If asked why, he would say that he proverb nothing to laugh at. Nevertheless, without openly admitting it, he was devoted to Boxer. In the movie Benjamin is described as a hard worker that does all he can to help the farm. This is totally out of character for Benjamin. From learning the book you can clearly tell that Benjamin does no more than he is required to do and is very retracted from the rebellion. The producers have clearly Benjamin like they have to imply that he is hero. The plot in the Animal Farm movie adaptation has also been corrupted.The plot is the to the lowest degree corrupted part of the whole movie whi ch is a surprising fact. solo a few factors from the book, in the whole movie, have been corrupted. One of the electric shaver things that have been changed is the fact that the animals are never taught the tune of Beasts Of England. In the movie it is shown that the animals already know the tune. An interesting fact to note is that the actual words of the song are never sung but are replaced by a tune. Another thing that has been corrupted is the seven commandments.Some of the rules that were in the original book have been left out of the movie. These rules are any(prenominal) goes upon two legs is an enemy, No animal shall wear clothes these rules have been omitted from the movie for no obvious reason. One surprising thing that has been added to the rules however, is Napoleons maxim, four legs good, two legs bad. This, like the omitted rules, has no reason, beyond the producers wanting to modify the movie for the kids watching it. The thing that has been the most corrupted in ground of plot, is the ending.In the original book Benjamin is left looking from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from pig to man again but already it was inconceivable to say which was which. Whereas is the movie Benjamin sends out a battle cry and leads the animal into a counter-revolution. This obviously happens as the producers believe that having a happy ending would please the children that were watching. The motto Power Corrupts, Therefore Absolute Power Corrupts Absolutely may have just been a random phrase, said by a random person, at a random time, but it has become one of the phrases that defines our planet.From the corruption of George w. Bush in the Global state of war Against Terrorism, to the more serious corruptions of Saddam Hussein and the Iraqi government. One thing is for certain, no matter where we go, where we run, corruption will always follow is there is any power to be gained.References 1. http//www. enotes. com/animal-farm/discuss/how-can-animal-fa rm-viewed-warning-3103 2. http//www. sparknotes. com/lit/animalfarm/facts. html http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Farm_(1954_film)

How does Russell make the audience sympathise with Shirley ? Essay

In this essay I will be exploring how Willy Russell, an author of the stage Shirley Valentine, start outs us sympathise with his main character. Willy Russell was a hairdresser, who lived in Liverpool. He felt unrealized in his life and wanted to become a writer. In his work, he met a lot of women, who shared their stories with him. That made him feel he silent many of them. But he was bored with his profession.Russells life screw is similar to Shirleys. Just like himself, Shirley is lonely and unfulfilled in her life. She woolgather of going to Greece and sitting alone on the beach. Russell equally dreamed of something unattainable. They twain are bored and disappointed with their everyday routine.Shirley, a middle elderly woman, is disappointed because her husband treats her as a housewife and she does not start a life outside of the house. No one pays any direction to her and she feels underappreciated. Everyday life looks exactly the same.Russell uses a number of techn iques to make us sympathise with Shirley. These include providing a social context for the play, flashbacks, language devices such(prenominal) as humour, spectacular monologues and voice-overs.The play is about a middle immemorial woman called Shirley Valentine. She is married to a man called Joe. When they impudently was married they sock each other so very much, but after a few years her life became a routine of washing plates, dishes, modify and making food for her husband. In other words she became a housewife. Because she had goose egg to talk, she is a Kitchen sink drama, it is about things around the house. Russel also utilize characters, dramatic devices and creative language to sympathise the audience with Shirley Valentine.In the opening flick we see first the film title track starts under a blue and white drawing of Shirley Valentine ironing. I think Willy chose the coloration blue, because the colour blue suggest sadness and depression. Shirleys life in the play is represent as sadness and depression. After that we see fifteen drawings of Shirley doing home(prenominal) works are never ending. None of the drawings show her having fun. Russel did this to show that her life is around her house. Then we see a drawing of a track of small semi-detached houses with small scarer gardens. This show where she lives. She turns in one of the houses and opens the front door. She closed the kitchen door and leans against it Sighing . This show she is fed up with her life by chance she is frustrated. She talks to the wall that shows she is lonely. She have nobody to talk with and it suggest she mogul going to be crazy.Russel uses the characters of Joe to make us sympathise with Shirley Valentine. He is Shirley Valentines husband. We sympathise with Shirley as Joe doesnt show any love affections towards her. We nooky tell Shirley was happily married at the start, because she had fun with Joe. They was just newly married. The are happily painting the kitchen. This shows us that she was happy with her life. Joe was Romantic used to make her laugh. He told her that he loves her, I love you Shirley Valentine.But now he is extremely changed. He is aggressive. This shows where he express he doesnt care what Shirley is doing. Thats why Shirley take a decision to go too Greece. There she meet Costas. Costas is the opposite of Joe. He is Romantic and he listening to her, he made her feel quick and tells her how beautifull she is. They are lovely because they are part of you and you are lovely. Joe never told her how beautifull she is Costas make her feel pretty and young.

Prison and Parole

CJ 365 1 April 2013 tidings In Society Last year, 77% of pris acers sleddingd from incarceration were ceased through and in to a form of union and haughty oversight c alled discussion. Parole is the conditional release from confinement of a soul luck an indeterminate sen cardinalce (department of corrections Today, page 262) and it is an idea which has had a con steadrable imp figure on the justice system and the body of workings of the U. S. segment of department of corrections as we now go through it. The concept of war cry loafer be traced stand to the whole kit and boodle of Alexander Maconochie.Maconochie was the superint sackent of a penal resolution on Norfolk Island, Australia. In his work, Maconochie utilized a system through which in baron(p) style was encouraged through the use of mark. Pris onenessrs served their sentence in three stages of progressively incr succor responsibility. Prisoners advanced through the first cardinal stages through labor , studies and p each(prenominal)y behavior. They would then be released into the unwrapside world at a lower place the condition that disobeying the law would yield in reincarceration.Walter Crofton adopted Maconochies ideas as the basis for the Irish mark system which do permissible the beforehand(predicate) release of prison houseers with a record of good behavior. This mark system was instituted at the Elmira reformatory in the 1870s and from on that point went on to spread cursorily passim the unify States justice system. Today, roughly 77% of inmates that be released from prison do so through the countersignature system or nigh precise similar form of community supervision. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, at the end of 2011 in that respect were 853,900 adults on news and around 1. million adults that had move on to or off of liberate over the course of the year. The master(prenominal) goal of word of honor is to supervise the reintegration of inmates seat into society and encourage their reclamation towards becoming a more productive member of society. There ar three antithetical purposes of the intro of parole to help the parolee commence help for problems with employment, residency, finance, and any other somebodyal troubles that may interfere with a prisoners reintegration into all(prenominal)day reenforcement to make society safer by preventing situations in which foregoing wrongdoers top executive commit new offense and in any incident to prevent the needless imprisonment of those non liable(predicate) to commit get a big hatred (Parole FAQs). Parole is often conf utilize with probation, though they atomic number 18 intelligibly different. Probation is used as an alternative to incarceration in which the wrongdoer fulfils kingdom supervision whilst still living a mostly normal bread and butter, whereas with parole, an offender serves most of their sentence in a reformatory and pending good b ehavior, is then released to serve the remainder in the community (under show supervision).There atomic number 18 several rules and submitlines used to determine eligibility for parole that must first be met by an inmate. Eligibility for parole depends on the type of sentence assigned by the court. Accompanying an offenders sentencing is a parole eligibility participation. This is the soonest potential date upon which an offender may be released in the shell that the parole commission finds them suitable for release. Unless the court specifies a minimum list of epoch that an inmate must serve or said offender is serving an indeterminate sentence, an inmate aims eligible for parole by and by point of one third of their court-mandated sentence.To apply for call foration, an inmate must fill out a parole application furnished by a case manager. The case manager then informs the potential parolee of his parole hear date. This date usually occurs in spite of appearance a few months of placement in the respective institution, except in cases where the offender is serving more than ten years time. In this instance, the initial earshot is chronicled six months earlier to the completion of ten years.At this parole auditory brain, the offender receives an opportunity to present their side of the story and to offer their argument as to why they should be released. The general factors considered during a parole hearing include the expand of the offense, prior fell history, the guidelines which the Commission uses in making their determination, the offenders accomplishments in the correctional facility, details of a release plan, and any problems the offender has had to meet in the past and is deally to encounter again in the future (USPC FAQs).When determining parole eligibility, there are four consequential factors which the parole commission must consider can the inmate be released without being a detriment to himself and/or the community, will their release serve the best interest of the community, is the inmate free and able to meet the conditions of both(prenominal) their parole assignment and of e actuallyday life, and whether or not continued correctional word would further their meets of leading a normal, law-abiding life.To make a determination of these factors, each potential parolee is interviewed by the acting parole brooker. A parole board is a group of people who decide whether or not an offender should be released on parole. On February 7th, 2011, Governor Rick Snyder signed State of mile Executive Order No. 2011-3 abolished the cabbage Parole and Commutation gore and replaced it with the scratch Parole Board, granting membership to ten full-time non-Civil gain employees who are appointed by the director of the Michigan Department of Corrections (MDOC Parole Board).Michigans current board members come from a pastiche of backgrounds including law enforcement, law, corrections, ministry, social work and public service. These ten people are split up into three groups of three, with the remaining soul acting as the chairperson and also the deciding vote in ties. The MPB (Michigan Parole Board) is the furbish up parole authority for prisoners under the legal power of the Michigan Department of Corrections. It should be noted that parole board structure and closings differ from one jurisdiction to the next. According to statute MCL 791. 33, a prisoner may be granted parole only after the board has reasonable assurance, after precondition of all of the facts and circumstances, including the prisoners mental and social attitude, that the prisoner will not become a menace to society or to the public safety (Parole schooling More). Most prisoners are interviewed by one member of the board. This interview is used to explore the offenders criminal, social and substance abuse history, their behavior in prison, their plans for parole, and any other matters pertinent to the specific case.The prisoner is allowed to national one other spokesperson present at the interview with them (this representative cannot be a lawyer or fellow prisoner). On October 30th, 2004, the umbrage Rights Victims Act was enacted. This act is intended for the preservation of the rights of crime victims. A crime victim is defined as an somebody who suffers direct or menace visible, financial or emotional harm as a result of the commission of a crime is considered a victim ( crime Victims Rights Act). This act entitles the crime victim notification and consultation throughout each step of the justice treat.According to the act, at the written request of the victim, the MDOC must win notifications at every stage of the prisoners incarceration process. This act also grants the victim the right to submit a written, telephone or oral impact statement to the parole board for hearing prior to the praise of a parole request consisting of any relevant statements regarding the effectuat e of the crime upon the victim, the circumstances surrounding the crime and any other details relevant to the crime, and also the victims person-to-person opinion as to whether or not the offender should be released on parole.The parole board utilizes a numerical scoring system called the parole guidelines. This process applies heading criteria and is generally a significant factor in the parole approval decision process in some situations, parole can be approved or denied before an interview even let ins place. The score is important enough that in instances where the Parole Board makes a decision impertinent to that suggested guideline score, they must provide, in writing, substantial and compelling reasons in h aging out of the decision. The guidelines used in parole guidelines are outlined in administrative Rule 791. 716 (Parole Consideration Process). After the hearing has been completed and the case file examined, the parole decision is made by three-member panels of th e board. If their request is denied, the inmate is returned to the institution where they then view as the option of filing an appeal of the parole decision with the home(a) Appeals Board (so long as they do so inside thirty days of the date listen on the Notice of Action). The internal Appeals Board then has the option of affirming, reversing or modifying the decision made by the regional commissioner, or they may order a new hearing.Decisions made by the National Appeals Board are final, and offenders will not get down the option of appealing the Appeals Boards decision. If the inmate declines to submit an appeal, he is legally entitled to reconsideration after a certain centre of time. If the inmate is sentenced to less than seven years, they will receive some other hearing 18 months from the date of their last. If their sentence exceeds seven years, their next parole hearing will be scheduled 24 months from the date of the last.If the panel approves the parole request, the inmates case file is then assigned to a parole policeman based upon the county in which the subject will be fulfilling their parole supplicatements over a specified amount of time. The offender should have a release plan denoting a suitable residence and ideally a verified offer of employment. This is not mandatory though and there are exceptions to this law which are decided on a person to person basis. If everything goes accordingly, the detainee will be released from incarceration on the date listed on their release certificate.They then return to their approved housing and must then address to the United States Probation Office listed on their certificate. Their assigned officer will establish a plan for regular reporting in person, along with mandatory monthly reports for the remainder of the sentence. Also listed on the release certificate are the rules and conditions by which the parolee agrees to live. So long as the parolee fulfills the requirements established by the p arole board and finishes his parole point in time without any violations of the predetermined parole conditions, the parolee will be released from presidential term supervision.These rules vary from one person to the next and are tailored by the Parole Board to better equip each individual offender for victory in the integration process. Common conditions of parole often require abstaining from any and all medicines and alcohol, confinement to a defined area/perimeter, stabilise employment/residency, counseling or, if deemed necessary, enrollment into in-patient discourse facilities. In the event of a violation of parole conditions, the offender isnt always returned to prison.Depending on the temper of the violation, various programs and sanctions can be used as an alternative to re-incarceration. The Michigan Department of Corrections cites an added emphasis on offender achiever in the community and tries to keep parolees out in the community when they believe that they can continue to be safely managed there (Parole Learning More). Though it is, like nearly every other government approach to social issues, plagued with disadvantages, parole serves as an efficient and mostly effective tool for managing some of the flaws and issues within the justice system.Parole allows the freeing up of space in al fixate rapidly overherd prisons nationwide by releasing non-violent drug offenders and other reformed prisoners ready for reintegration into society, opening up space for inmates who pose a more weighty terror to society. After spending months, years or even decades in prison, the mediocre inmate has lost at least some smell of what life is like outside of their institution. Parole is a gentle easing back in to community life allowing the prisoner supervision and some restrictions to help keep them from the activities which got them into trouble into the first place.Paroles accompanying threat of a return to prison is often enough to deter those who m ight otherwise fall back into their old ways. Many inmates report note lost and alone following their release some dont know what to do in the absence of the basic structure and bite that theyd grown accustomed to during their period of incarceration. Parole is not a unanimously accepted issue and some think it to be runty more than an extension of mercy towards the prisoner in the form of a reduced sentence. These people feel that early release on parole drastically reduces the effectiveness of the prison sentence.What most do not solve is that even if a person doesnt receive approval for parole, this does not disqualify them from or affect their chances of an early release on invoice of good behavior and/or other contributing factors. Citing education from albumin Paper, a report compiled by a firm called Prisoners effectual Services which covers nearly all aspects of the current state of parole in Massachusetts lower tempos of parole negatively affect the prisoner, the c ommunity to which he returns, the crime victim, and also the justice system of which he is a part.The report states that the number of state and county prisoners released on parole decreased from 4,508 in 2010 to 2,043 in 2011. By the end of 2011, there were only 1,649 offenders out on parole nearly half the number of the previous years end. In 2010, 38% percent of released offenders were prepare on parole, compared to 2012s stingy 15% release esteem. Instead of having a parole officer to guide them through the reintegration process, prisoners are released back into the world with no form of supervision, go or support.Reduced parole approval rates also mean that prisoners serving time in medium and maximum security institutions return direct to the community with no transitioning steps. Failure to provide assistance to released inmates and the states ignorance of the rehabilitation process can be directly correlated with higher(prenominal) rates of recidivism. Recidivism is def ined as the act of a person repeat an undesirable behavior after they have experienced negative consequences for that ehavior, or have been treated or trained to extinguish that behavior (Recidivism, Wikipedia). Recidivism is one of the most important subjects of consideration within the criminal justice process as the purpose of a release from incarceration is rendered useless if the culprit will simply return to the life that lead him into the justice system in the first place. This is an issue of the highest priority as over 95% of prisoners serving time in state and federal prisons will eventually be released back into the community. objet dart the United States continues to take increasing mea for certains aimed towards the arrest and incarceration of its criminals (resulting in drastically higher arrest rates and increasing issues with overpopulation and crowding in the nations institutions), it has failed to respond to increasing rates of recidivism among its prisoners. A s urvey conducted in 2003 by the urban Institute of the Justice polity Center reported that 53% of arrested males and 39% of arrested females would be re-incarcerated.This same study states that within three years of release, nearly seven out of every ten males will be rearrested and half of that number will end up back in prison. The report says recidivism happens due to both personalized and situational conditions. It also claims that one of the main reasons for recidivism is because it is difficult for the individual to fit back in with normal life It says many prisoners report anxiety regarding their release and excitement rough how their life will be different this time and this often proves a matter of utter disappointment and frustration in the instances where this doesnt end up being the case.Nearly every study and report on the issue reports the same thing the more efforts taken to work towards rehabilitation of released prisoners, the lower their chances of recidivism. Th e success rates of rehabilitation efforts depend mostly on the nature of the original offense, but in almost every single instance, an inmate has a notably higher chance of success in the outside world with the assistance and support of the state. In 2010, 51% of United States federal inmates were doing time as a result of a drug-related charge.Estimates state that nearly three out of four prisoners returning from prison have a history of substance-abuse. Despite this, only 7%-17% of prisoners actually meet the DSM criteria for alcohol and drug dependence and actually receive treatment in prison. Effectiveness studies have reported that inmates who partake in residential treatment programs during their incarceration have 9%-18% lower recidivism rates, and possess a 15%-30% lower chance of relapse than their fellow prisoners who did not receive treatment.One interesting statistic to note is the rate of recidivism in offenders with prior arrest history. inwardly three years of rele ase, 41% of prisoners with one prior arrest were re-arrested fleck 82% of those with more than fifteen prior arrests were re-arrested. A study make in McNairs Scholar Journal entitled The Relationship between Parole and Recidivism in the Criminal Justice System by Jacquelin Robinson of dreadful Valley State University claims a direct association between parole and recidivism.Interestingly enough, she says that because of modestly high rates of parole violation and failure among parolees are a direct opposite of what they seemingly should be as the rate of parole increases, so do the chances of recidivism. According to the same studies, parole supervision (regardless of how intensive) was not a direct contributor towards lower recidivism rates. This same word cites a study conducted by Jeremy Travis in May 2000 on behalf of the National Institute of Justice.Travis findings indicated that rehabilitation programs actually had very little effect on reduced recidivism and actually st ates that parole violations are now the driving force behind prison growth, being responsible for 34% of all admissions. A study entitled Does Parole Work compiled by Amy Solomon of the Urban Institute in Washington D. C. for the Bureau of Justice Statistics offers statistics indicating a scanty higher chance for recidivism of unconditional releases (61%) in comparison to discretionary parolees (57%). While these studies claim that parole supervision is next to useless, other studies present very different ideas.According to a four year study conducted by Rutgers University and presented to the radical Jersey State Parole Board, intensive supervision of violent and unfit offenders significantly reduces the chances that they will be re-arrested. According to this study, parolees subjected to intensive law-enforcement supervision and to programs knowing to ease their re-entry into the community fared best, boasting a 41% recidivism rate in comparison to the 51% general parolee rat e and the 73% rate of those who completed their full sentence and were under no supervision post-release.Though as a general whole, these high rates of recidivism and the low rates of parole success might seem to support the idea that parole is not a terribly effective manner of approaching the release and treatment of the countrys lower-threat class of criminals, it is proven more effective in cases involving violent/high-risk offenders which should be of a higher priority anyways. That said, parole also makes sense from a financial perspective which is ultimately of coarse important in the process.Though it varies from one institution to the next and from state to state, it cost taxpayers $47,000 per year to keep inmates incarcerated in a California prison (less than per annum tuition at Princetown University) which stands in comparison to a probation cost of around $1200 a year and about $1500 a year to keep an offender out on parole. In the fiscal year of 2010, the Michigan De partment of Corrections had $1. 2 billion in prison expenditures and more than seventy million in prison-related costs outside the departments budget. A Michigan inmate will end up costing the state $28,117 for each year of incarceration (Price of Prisons).Obviously withstanding the offender themselves, the most important person in the parole supervision and reform process is the parole officer. Parole and probation supervision is a social-based job, rather than one rooted in information and data and often culminates in an end-result of satisfaction and rewards when a parole officer gets the opportunity to have a positive impact on the life of one of their parolees. In a news article published in New H ampshire News, reporter Chris Jensen follows parole/probation officer John Loven through an average day in his line of work.Loven starts the day out with a pamphlet containing the files of all of the parolees to which he is assigned. His job is to make sure that the people in these files are living up to the conditions agreed upon that are listed upon the parolees assigned certificate of release, and in the cases where they are not, it is his duty to see to it that theyre either rewarded for their efforts or punished for their lack thereof. Loven says that most of his cases involve problems stemming back to alcohol and drugs, though there are the inevitable outliers to this too. Each probation or parolee, Loven states, is really an individual they have individual problems and they each have individual needs. (Day in the Life) Lovens job entails a daily commute of up to (and sometimes more than) two hundred miles. Most of his visits are unannounced intended to catch the parolee in their natural environment living out an average day. Hoping to catch them in the act, he often finds himself jab through their trash cans for evidence of recent drinking or drug use. One case special to Loven is that of a twenty year old recovering addict.Loven stops by her house r egularly, checking up on her physical well-being, keeping track of what stage she is at in her recovery. Upon arrival, Loven finds the girl in a bad state. She appears visibly nervous, and is quite shaky and seemingly zealous and upset. At first Loven probes for any evidence of deviance from the court-ordered conditions but after a phone call informs the girl of family problems she breaks down in to tears. Loven works to console the girl, and that done, asks to look at her arms. She explains two bruising track marks as the areas from which she had her blood drawn for a recent medical procedure.Loven makes sure that shes taking proper hygienic standards to keep herself in optimal shape. With a history of previously missed appointments, Loven then reminds her that shell have another meeting with him in two weeks time. After running through her schedule with him, he wishes her well and then heads back to his car to go about his day. With 96 cases that month, and nearly 110 the month before that, Loven keeps plenty busy. His visits take him to a variety of different environments filled with a variety of different people.Drug users, alcoholics, sex offenders, violent criminals and also everyday average American citizens there are few limits drawn around Lovens scope of duty. With a bachelors degree in Criminal Justice and grads degrees in community counseling and psychology although he does quote a huge amount of paperwork, he says that when it comes down to it, his job is a delicate balance of counseling and investigation. He must reach a point where hes not unapproachable to his parolees, but at the same time, doesnt come across as a crisscross that will fall for their lies and tricks.He must count on a sense of reason and logic to guide him through the day to day. You get to know them, you get to know their families, their lifestyles and how theyre doing. Though not for everyone, the role of parole officer/supervisor is a job that will prove both enriching and rewarding to the right kind of person who is ready to endure the substantial work and dedication required to meet the demands of a job so important in modern-day society. All in all, parole is one of societys stepping stones towards a brighter future.Though not a guarantee of success and not without the occasional flaw, parole still holds much greater presage than most of the alternatives. Through the hard work of officers, parole gives criminal offenders a chance at putting together the pieces of a normal life in the wake of a lengthy prison sentence. So long as both officer and parolee are willing to put in the time and effort towards improvement on a personal and community level, parole gives a reformed and well-intentioned offender the chance for a new start and a better life.Works Cited Alarid, Leanne Fiftal, and Carmen Rolando V. Del. Probation. Community-Based Corrections. Belmont, CA Wadsworth, 2011. 139-55. Print. Crime Victims Rights Act. Michigan Department of Cor rections. N. p. , n. d. Web. 01 Apr. 2013. <http//www. michigan. gov/corrections/0,4551,7-119-1384-5487,00. html>. Crime Victims Rights Act. Offices Of The United States Attorneys. United States Department of Justice, n. d. Web. 01 Apr. 2013. <http//www. justice. ov/usao/eousa/vr/crime_victims. html>. Jensen, Chris. A Day in the Life of a North Country Parole Officer. New Hampshire News. NHPR, 23 May 2011. Web. 01 Apr. 2013. <http//nhpr. org/post/day-life-north-country-parole-officer>. Marushack, Laura, and Erika Parks. Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). Bureau of Justice Statistics. N. p. , 29 Nov. 2012. Web. 31 Mar. 2013. Http//bjs. gov/index. cfm? ty=pbdetail&iid=4538 Michigan Exec. Order No. 2011-3, 3 C. F. R. (2011).Print. Parole Learning More. Michigan Department of Corrections. N. p. , n. d. Web. 01 Apr. 2013. <https//www. michigan. gov/corrections/0,4551,7-119-9741_12798-230397,00. html>. Parole Conditions. LegalMatch. Ed. Ken LeMance. N. p. , 21 Oc t. 2012. Web. 01 Apr. 2013. <http//www. legalmatch. com/law-library/article/parole-conditions. html>. The Parole Consideration Process. Michigan Department of Corrections. N. p. , n. d. Web. 01 Apr. 2013. Parole smirch

What is Drug?

A medicine is all animal, vegetable, or mineral contentedness employ in the composition of medicines. It excessively refers to any stuff practice sessiond in dyeing or in chemical operations. It is a aggregate that is used as a medicine or narcotic. A do doses is capable of altering inhering biologic exercisees, with their manipulating nature used in medicine as a corrective measure against deviances from these normal biological processes. As described in the Webster Dictionary (1992), a medicine, is a substance, separate than food intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in man or an other(a)(prenominal) animals.It is any narcotic also any substance or chemical agent, exclusive of food, employed for other than medical reason outs to obtain a given physiological effect or to satisfy a craving. The do doses masks the brainpower or soundbox. The effect depends on the type of drug, the amount takingsn, when and how it is used, and the soul who takes it (Webster, 1992). Drugs may be classified as uppers, downers, narcotics, mind-affecting (hallucinogens), or volatile chemicals. Uppers atomic number 18 stimulants that affect the nervous system to bump around the user.Downers are depressants that affect the central nervous system to relax the user. Narcotics affect the nervous system, and change many of the normal activities of the body, and very much raise an eager state of excitement or distortion of the users senses. mercurial chemicals are depressants acting upon the central nervous system. It is master(prenominal) for the front some aider to be able to detect possible drug deprave at the drug level and to relate certain signs to certain types of drugs (Webster, 1992 p. FA-28). There are quad levels of drug use.Abstinence means non winning any drugs or any particular drug. Experimentation means trying a drug for the first time. It could be a doctor prescribing medicine, or a you ng mortal sniffing glue. If a user likes the effects of a drug, he or she may move to casual, recreational or unfluctuating use. Casual use is taking a drug only when a person feels like it or when a it is offered. Recreational use is a drug use for use of goods and services in social situations. Regular use means taking drugs almost e actuallyday. Habitual or problem drug becomes dependent (needs to set out few of the drug ein truthday).The user may have very little manoeuvre over his or her problem drug use. The effects of this dependence chiffonier be serious, and sometimes fatal. With certain drugs, the user chiffonier develop a tolerance, or get used to the drug. He or she has to take very large amounts to feel the same effects. These drugs acknowledge alcohol, opiates, LSD, caffeine, amphetamines and tranquilisers. Psychological dependence can develop with any type of drug. The user believes that he or she provide not be able to occupy a normal flavor without taki ng the drug and becomes very upset if it is not available.Physical dependence, when the body cannot make believe without a regular supply of the drug may happen with coarse term use. This is common with depressants and analgesics. Depressants slow the nervous system and relax the body. intoxicant is the most common, but other legal depressants are abused for these effects. These include barbiturates (sleeping pills), tranquilisers and solvents (glue and gases). Analgesics reduce the users reaction to pain, discomfort and anxiety. Opium, heroin and codeine are obtained from opium poppies.Methad superstar and pethidine are synthetic (chemical rather than natural) analgesics. Many analgesics have medical uses. insularity symptoms, which make the user feel unwell, can happen when a regular user stops taking a drug. When a person has an overdose, he or she takes more of the drug than the body can cope with, becomes very ill and may even die (Brown and King 1990). Mechanisms of Drug natural action To describe the mechanism of drug action in the brain, whenever a person uses a drug and the effect it produces is somehow pleasant, this effect gets a honor quality for that person.As experimental research by demeanoral psychologists has demonstrated, all behaviours that are reinforced by a reward have a drift to be reiterate and learned. Successive repetitions, besides banking the reward-producing behaviours, also fix all previously indifferent stimuli, sensations, and situations, eventually associated with those behaviours. Seeing particular places or persons, hearing specific music, etc, for instance, triggers in drug users the craving for their preferred drug. using Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Dr.Edythe D. London and her colleagues at the Addiction investigate Centre, in Baltimore, obtained images showing that in cocaine-users, cues associated with the use of the drug sparked an increase in the metabolism of glucose in brain areas that are associate d with memory and learning (lateral pre-frontal cortex, amygdala, and cerebellum). Up to now, is far from complete our knowledge about the cerebral, chemical and structural changes that underlie reward and act as reinforcers for different behaviours, including that of drug use.Nevertheless, recent researches fate to a chain of reactions, involving several neurotransmitters, leading to the release of the neurotransmitter dopamine in a brain region. Compare and contrast the Physical Dependence and verifying Incentive theories of drug colony. Drug addiction has two components physical dependency, and mental dependency. Physical dependency extends when a drug has been used habitually and the body has become accustomed to its effects. The person must then continue to use the drug in drift to feel normal, or its absence impart trigger the symptoms of withdrawal.Psychological dependency occurs when a drug has been used habitually and the mind has become emotionally reliant of its ef fects, either to elicit pleasure or relieve pain, and does not feel capable of functioning without it. Its absence produces terrible cravings, which are often brought on or magnified by stress. A dependent person may have either aspects of dependency, but often has both. Chipping is also a term used to describe a pattern of drug use in which the user is not physically dependent and sustains instructionled use of a drug.This is done by avoiding influences that reinforce dependence, much(prenominal) that the drug is used for relaxation and not for escape. Physical Dependency Model subsequently repeated exposure to certain drugs, withdrawal symptoms appear if the drug is discontinued. climb-down symptoms are compensatory reactions that oppose the primary effects of the drug. Therefore they are the inverse of the effects of the drug. Withdrawal effects are unpleasant and reduction in these effects would therefore constitute negative reinforcement.Negative reinforcement is the reinf orcement of behaviour that terminates an aversive stimulus Negative reinforcement could explain wherefore addicts continue to take the drug. However some addicts will endure withdrawal symptoms (go cold-turkey) in order to reduce their tolerance so that they can recommence drug pulmonary tuberculosis at a lower dose which costs less to purchase. Concentrating on the role of physical withdrawal effects at the expense of other psychological factors led to the failure to recognize the addictive properties of cocaine.Cocaine does not produce physical dependency (tolerance and withdrawal symptoms) but it is more addictive than heroin. This plat (redrawn from Julien, 1995), shows the changing pattern in the major drug used by patients admitted to drug treatment programs in New York City during the 1980s. It is also important to emphasize that reduction in withdrawal symptoms does not explain why people take drugs in the first place. Negative reinforcement may account for initial drug ta king in some situations. For example, individual who is suffering from unpleasant emotions may experience a reduction in these feelings (i.e. negative reinforcement) following drug administration. However the most likely reason for drug taking involves positive reinforcement. Positive Reinforcement Model The reinforcing properties of a drug are thought to be reason why most people become addicted to drugs. Addictive drugs are positive reinforcers (Carlson, 2001). As you know positive reinforcement can lead to learning a new response, and the maintenance of existing behaviours. It follows that the behaviours associated with taking an addictive drug (i. e. injecting or smoking it) will increase in prob faculty.One way of testing this ingest is to examine the reinforcing properties of drugs in animals. We already know that conventional reinforcers support bar-pressing in animals, therefore if a drug maintains a response such as bar-pressing in an animal, it is a reinforcing stimulus. At one time it was believed that animals could not be made addicted to drugs, but that view is now rejected because skillful developments have shown that animals will learn new behaviours that cause injection of drugs into their body. formulate how the champaign of reward circuits has provided a potential explanation of drug addiction.The study of reward circuits has provided a potential explanation of drug addiction. The reinforcing effects of drugs during boozing create an environment that, if perpetuated, triggers the neuronal adaptations that result in addiction. Imaging studies in drug abusers as well as nondrug abusers have shown that drugs of abuse increase the extra- cellphoneular concentration of drug addiction in the striatum and that these increases were associated with their reinforcing effects. The subjects who had the superior increases in drug addiction were the ones who go through drug effects such as last, rush, or euphoria most intensely.These studies also showed that the reinforcing effects appeared to be associated not only with the magnitude but also with the abruptness of the drug addiction increase. Thus, for an equivalent increase in drug addiction, the drug was experienced as reinforcing when it was injected intravenously, which leads to warm drug uptake in the brain and presumptively very fast changes in drug addiction concentration, but not when it was given orally, which leads to a slow rate of brain uptake and presumptively slow increases in drug addiction concentration.The dependency of the reinforcing effects of drugs on fast and large increases in drug addiction concentration is aware of the changes in drug addiction concentration induced by phasic drug addiction cell acquittance (fast-burst firing > 30 Hz), which also leads to fast changes in drug addiction concentration and whose function is to highlight the salience of stimuli. This contrasts with tonic drug addiction cell firing (slow firing at frequencies ar ound 5 Hz), which maintains base-line steady-state drug addiction levels and whose function is to set the overall responsiveness of the drug addiction system.This led us to speculate that the ability of drugs of abuse to induce changes in drug addiction concentration that simulate but exceed those produced by phasic drug addiction cell firing results in over-activation of the neuronal processes that highlight saliency, and that this is one of the relevant variables underlying their high reinforcing value. However, studies show that increases in drug addiction concentration during intoxication occur in both addicted and non-addicted subjects, so this by itself cannot explain the process of addiction.Since drug addiction requires chronic drug administration, we suggest that addiction results from the repeated perturbation of reward circuits (marked drug addiction increases followed by drug addiction decreases) and the consequent disruption of the circuits that it regulates (motivati on/drive, memory/learning, and control). Indeed, imaging studies in drug-addicted subjects have consistently shown long-lasting decreases in the numbers of drug addiction D2 receptors in drug abusers compared with controls.In addition, studies have shown that cocaine abusers also have decreased drug addiction cell activity, as evidenced by reduced drug addiction release in response to a pharmacological gainsay with a stimulant drug. We postulate that the decrease in the number of drug addiction D2 receptors, coupled with the decrease in drug addiction cell activity, in the drug abusers would result in a decreased sensitivity of reward circuits to stimulation by natural reinforcers.This decreased sensitivity would lead to decreased interest in ordinary (day-to-day) environmental stimuli, possibly predisposing subjects for pursuit drug stimulation as a means to temporarily propel these reward circuits. Imaging studies provide evidence of disrupted sensitivity to natural reinforcers in addiction. For example, in a study by Martin-Solch and colleagues, the meso-striatal and meso-corticolimbic circuits of opiate addicts were not initiate in response to natural reinforcers, whereas they were in controls subjects.Similarly, in a bite study by the same group, DA-regulated reward centres in tobacco smokers failed to initiate in response to monetary reward. Interestingly, decreased sensitivity of reward circuits to slap-up alcohol administration has also been documented in cocaine abusers compared with control subjects. These findings suggest an overall reduction in the sensitivity of reward circuits in drug-addicted individuals to natural reinforcers, but also possibly to drugs besides the one to which they are addicted (extracted from the Journal of Clinical Investment May 15, 2003).

Animal Cruelty and Puppy Mills

Ashley Buenaflor Informative Speech Outline Puppy nerd ab disclose I. What are puppy mill? A. aka puppy farm B. breeding factory for dogs C. moms breed until they are too weak or until they die D. Conditions 1. Overcrowded in old farms, shed, or chicken coop 2. wired, unsanitary cages to minimize dissolution cleaning (in winter and summer) 3. food infested with maggots and water is green with algae 4. underfed malnourished leads to puppies eating one another 5. never let out to play, develop leg problems . video end at 55 E. interchange to pet stores 1. lucky puppies loaded into a truck, many dont make it 2. develop sicknesss epilepsy, heart disease, kidney disease, blood disorders, eye problems, musculoskeletal disease 3. sometimes develop socialization problems due to lack of affection and macrocosm taken away from their mothers II. Toby A. story B. sick when we got him C. leg problems/ attest day leg problems D. could have saved a lot of coin III. Why arent they outlaw ed? A. animal cruelty is illegal, puppy mills are not B. any puppy mills are clear by the USDA C. the Animal Welfare Act (AWA) defines minimum compulsion standard care for dogs D. standard is far from what people consider humane E. many puppy mills are on illegal and on private property F. there are many puppy mill rescues that go to shelters (Chrystal &038 Anti-Cruelty Society) IV. How to stop puppy mills A. dont steal puppies or products from pet stores B. dont buy online C. buy from breeders 1. account for reputable breeders 2. can show you legitimate background information on the puppiesWorks Cited Puppy Mill Awareness Day. Puppy Mill Awareness Day. N. p. , n. d. Web. 20 Sept. 2012. . Puppy mill around The Humane Society of the United States. Puppy Mills The Humane Society of the United States. N. p. , n. d. Web. 20 Sept. 2012. . Puppy Mills argon Cruel. Nopetstorepuppies. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 20 Sept. 2012. . Puppy Mills. ASPCA. The American Society for the Preventi on of Cruelty to Animals, n. d. Web. 20 Sept. 2012. . Shocking Conditions In Puppy Mills. Shocking Conditions In Puppy Mills. N. p. , n. d. Web. 20 Sept. 2012. .

Sport Should Be Compulsory at School

Sport Should Be Compulsory At School see a give instruction with bulge sport, just school work the whole day, any week, every month and every year. How boring would that be and how will the students confront? They would be obese, un sizeable and they tend to achieve weary and bored of school routine, and studies become a drag. Now, what will happen if sport was compulsory at every school? If sport was compulsory at every school, students would be rosy-cheeked, active and founder more concentration at school. They wouldnt be sitting down doing work the whole day, but they would go out and play sport.They will have a break from work and have fun running around and playing sport. Then everybody would be healthy and fit. An obesity graph for children and adults has been growing in the past few years. Students whitethorn not know this but if youre not fit and healthy when youre young, you will be even worse health when you get older. Students would also learn to work as a team and gather with each early(a) when playing sport. They can then also stand by in class as well. A research showed that students participating in sports will have better academic performance than the ones who were not opened to physical sports.Sport also seemed to give a boost in component part building and preparing the children for student leadership boards. Outdoor sport allows students to breath in fresh air, which they might not get at home because they ar expose to the television or the computer. Playing sport does not totally give you better health and body, it also allows you to learn more skills and forge better coordination for the eye. Another benefit when you play sport is that you can see to it both defeat and victory and accepting both as a part of life so that they are prepared for the real world.When your applying for a job, they would rather choose a fit person whose slightly less(prenominal) smarter than the obese one because when your obese people will think that you arent active and sometimes you will have to run around in the office for whatever reason and if you arent active then you wont last very long running around. One the other hand the fit person can run around lots longer because he is fit and much more active. Now that Ive given all my reasons, I strongly recommend that you agree with me because those students are the future generation of this world.

Managing Heart Failure

Managing Heart Failure Carla Vossen, SPN Kristin Madigan RN, BSN NURS 1300 Research Project southerly Central College November 23, 2009 Heart misadventure is a chronic and progressive syndrome, resulting from the unfitness of the shopping mall muscle to pump with enough force to meet the metabolic demands of the body. (Buckler,13) According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) there atomic number 18 more or less five million passel in the United States that have boob also-ran.Approximately 550 thousand people atomic number 18 diagnosed with meaning failure separately year. Afri bath Americans have a higher death rate than whiteness Americans the estimated medical costs in 2006 were 29. 6 billion dollars. Heart failure has a very broad range of causes, some of the more familiar cardiovascular causes are congenital meat conditions, valvular disease, coronary arterial short letter vessel disease, myocarditis, cardiomyopathies, myocardial infarction, and hypertension.N oncardiovascular causes of heart disease accept pulmonary embolism, thyrotoxicosis, and chronic preventative pulmonary disease. (Williams,407 ) Lifestyle choice such as smoking, excessive intoxicant intake and environment are contri merelying risk factors. (Buckler,13-15 Williams,408) The symptoms will transform depending on which position of the heart is failing, tolerants age, and the tartness of the disease. in time fatigue and helplessness are the hallmark signs of heart failure. Williams,483) When pump failure occurs in a damaged left ventricle, referred to as left-sided heart failure (most commonly occurs here) signs and symptoms can include Dyspnea on exertion, Cheyne-Stokes respirations, crackles, wheezing nocturia, restlessness, cough, pink frothy sputum, weakness, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and cyanosis. Right ventricle failure or right-sided heart failure can either be primary failure or subaltern to left-sided heart failure. Signs and symptoms can includ e Peripheral edema, ascites, abdominal pain nd fullness, anorexia or sudden weight gain, tachycardia, jugular vein distention, nocturia, and nausea. (Williams,484) Controlling modifiable factors can prevent heart failure, such as smoking and diet. However these factors do non directly cause heart failure but is secondary to an underlying disease such as coronary arteria disease that can lead to heart failure. In general heart failure patients have a poor prognosis unless the cause is correctable. If the heart failure is primarily due to a valvular disorder, repair or replacement could reverse the disorder.Heart transplant may be an option for some patients. Several diagnostic procedures may be done to helper in the diagnosis of heart failure. First a complete news get across and physical examination will be performed, followed by one or more of the following chest x-ray to mark enlarged heart and pulmonary congestion electrocardiogram (ECG) is utilize to assess hypertrophy, ischemia, and arrhythmias echocardiograms assess filiation flow and left ventricular function cardiac catheterization may suggest ventricular dilation, coronary artery occlusion, and valvular disorders.Serum blood testes include Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is very specific for detecting heart failure. Electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine (to rule out kidney disease) complete blood count (CBC) is employ to rule out anemia and infection Arterial blood gasses (ABGs). (Myers, 484) These are just a few of the main diagnostic tools used to detect or exceed heart failure and determine the cause. (Buckler,15-17) Treatment is patient specific and will focus on the underlying cause and severity of the heart failure.Pharmacologic interventions may include ACE inhibitors to reduce cardiac hypertrophy and afterload, these are the first line of pharmacologic interventions. Diuretics are used to decrease fluid overload, beta blockers are used to improve cardiac output, and an ant icoagulant may be chooseed. These medications along with cessation of smoking, close and right daily weight monitoring, low sodium diet to help eliminate fluid retention, a high potassium diet may be needed if a thiazide diuretic is prescribed, regular light activity with entrance rest periods, within the parameters set by the physician, and oxygen therapy. Myers,487-89) Before absolve it is imperative that the patient and family witness the purpose, dosage, schedule, and route of administration of all the medications they are taking, as well as the side effects that need to be reported to their physician. Avoid any over-the-counter medications that may contain sodium, and if they are unsure of a medication, consult the physician or pharmacist.They need to understand the level and splendour of daily activity and when to stop exercising and when to report to their physician what procedure should be done when assessing their daily weight and the importance of notifying the physi cian of daily weight gain of two to three pounds of hebdomadally gain of five pounds. They should also know the importance of the low sodium diet or high potassium diet if their on a thiazide diuretic, and maintain their fluid re starkion. (Buckler,19-20) Supportive resources should be provided to the patient and family. Any acquaintance deficit in these areas can have dangerous consequences. Beers, 657-68 ) Patients will practically experience shortness of breath, which will increase misgiving. They need to know that the anxiety can exacerbate the shortness of breath. Teaching the patient to sit in the Fowlers position, how to use oxygen as prescribed will help decrease the demand of oxygen. (Beers, 657) Patients should be aware of the different relaxation therapies that they can form to help alleviate stress and help slow their breathing they need to know how and when to use any inhalers they may have prescribed, and the signs and symptoms of any side effects.I choose to rese arch heart failure because of the amount of people that have the disease, its devastating effects on a person lifestyle, and the umpteen underlying diseases that can lead to the disease. Heart failure may not be curable in most cases, however with a strict adherence to the medication, exercise, diet, fluid restriction a patient has a feel to stop the progression of the underlying cause, therefore avoiding heart failure. References Beers, Mark. ed. , et al. Merck manual of diagnosis and Therapy.New Jersey Merck Research Laboratories, 16th ed. 2006. Buckler, L. (2009). Managing Heart Failure. Nursing make Incredibly Easy. May/ June, 12-20. Center for Disease Control. (2009, Nov 20). Heart Failure item Sheet. Retrieved from http//cdc. gov/dhdsp/library/fs_heart_failure. htm Myers, Tamara, ed. Heart Failure. Mosbys medical Dictionary. 8th ed. 2009. Mosby Elsevier. Williams, Linda, Paula Hopper. ed. Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing. Pennsylvania F. A. Davis Company, 3rd ed. 20 07, 480-496.

The Great Pyramids as Art

The Great gains of Giza artistic production is the quality, production, expression, or realm, according to aesthetical principles, of what is beautiful, appealing, or of more than ordinary significance. When visualizeing into a piece of device there atomic number 18 five essential questions that should be answered for it to be amply analyzed. What purpose was this piece of art made? What does this piece of art desire to authorise? How was this Piece of art made? What is the composition of this artistic creation? And finally, what elements should we set about this work of art?The profits of Giza are the largest The Great Pyramid is the more or less(prenominal) significant of the collar large gains located on the Giza Plateau. The Great Pyramid was also the first pyramid to be built beginning in around 2550 BC. This pyramid was built for the pharaoh Khufu, who ruled Egypt from about 2547-2524 BC. Along with the Khufus Great Pyramid his son, Khafre had oneness built o n the Giza Plateau that at a first glance seems bigger than his flummoxs, and Menkaure, Khufus grandson, also had one built on the Giza Plateau. The first question asked when smell at these antediluvian patriarch works of art is what purpose was it made for?In this real premature meter period Egyptians wanted to preserve the bodies of the dead, and for the better- bedn tombs were built. The tombs were often a guide where offerings could be left to population that had gone home to the gods. These bigger pyramids were not only built to prevent robbery, only if they also resembled the rays of the cheers rays go to Earth. This relates it to the religious beliefs connected to the cult with the sun god Re. old-fashioned Egyptians supposed that the sun died each wickedness in the West and was re-born the next morning in the East.This is why the Pyramids are built on the West side of the Nile so that the bodies of the deceased can travel with the sun god through the night and b e reborn with him the next morning in the East. The Great Pyramid was built to hold the body and belongings of the pharaoh Khufu, and the one farther southbound was built for his son, and the one built farthest South was built for his grandson, Menkaure. The main purpose of these three structures was to hold their earthly remains, and to leave a surface for them to be worshiped.The next question we should ask ourselves is what does this piece of art communicate? The Pyramids of Giza communicate many different things. They communicate religious beliefs about lifetime after death, how laden and swell up known the soulfulness inside was, and how skilful and resourceful community of that time were. As we mentioned earlier Ancient Egyptians believed that if they were hide on the West side of the Nile when the sun died to the West they would travel with it, and consequently be reborn into their eternal life when it rose in the East.These abundant monumental tombs were built on the West side of the Nile so that this could happen. some belongings were also left in the tombs with the body of the dead so that those items may also be taken to the afterlife with them. The pyramids were not an elementary project and took gravitational constants of men to material body. The size of these pyramids communicate how wealthy and respectful the pile inside them were. Slaves did not build the pyramids workers did during the time of the year that crops were not creation grown so they were out of work.To feed and dress this many people for months of the year over a long period of time shows how wealthy the person handout into the pyramid was. You also had to be very well consider for people to join you in building this piece of art. These three pyramids that sit upon the Giza Plateau communicate to its observers that Khufus family was well respected, rich, and took many noble-minded things to the after life with them. The Pyramids of Giza also communicate how in telligent and resourceful the Ancient Egyptians were. The Great Pyramid was built of an estimated two million stone blocks calculation up to two and a half tons apiece.Khufus pyramid stood at four hundred and eighty one feet tall, and held the world write crop up for the tallest structure for over three thousand and eight hundred years. Without machines and flagitious equipment architecture in this time was very difficult for most move of the world. For the Ancient Egyptians it was not impossible. Some people today choose to believe that extraterrestrials had to participate in building them, because there is no possible government agency the Egyptians could flip. The size and complexity of these magnificent monuments communicates how intellectual and resourceful the Ancient Egyptians moldiness have been.After looking at what the purpose of the piece of art is and what it communicates, you should look into how the piece of art was made? No one knows exactly how the Pyramids of Giza were built, but there are many theories that have been model forth starting with the Greek historian Herodotus possible action. Herodotus visited Egypt in around 450 B. C. when the pyramids were already two thousand years old. In this opening Herodotus mentions machines, such as cranes were used to vellicate the huge stones up. This theory was quickly torn down when Diodorus proposed a theory years later.Close to three hundred years later Diodorus exclaimed that mounds (ramps) were used to fall away the pyramids up one block at a time. Diodoruss theory is much more respected because the crane had not been invented at the time the pyramids were being built, and if it had there would be remains of it somewhere. In his theory the ramps ran circles going up around the pyramid, and the block were slide up farther and father and site into place each time. The ramp could be no larger than eight percent or the men would not be qualified to move the blocks upward. Like all other theories of how the pyramids were built Diodoruss is very faulty to.For the ramp to have corkscrewed up the pyramid would mean that the corners would have to be finished last. If the corners were finished last how would they plan to keep the pyramid perfectly square. In todays day and time most people tend to lean towards the theory that extraterrestrials must have help the Ancient Egyptians in building this work of art. We may not know much of how the great Pyramids of Giza were built, but we do know what they are constitute of. The Pyramids of Giza were self-possessed of building blocks, an outer shell, and an inner shell.The building blocks were made of both limestone and granite, and they were quarried locally. The outsides of the pyramids were made almost entirely of limestone. This limestone gave the pyramid an incredibly bright come to and made it seem that much more magnificent. The inner shells of the pyramids were mainly composed of granite, but not just one guinea p ig of granite. The important put up for the queens and pharaohs in the pyramids were usually built with a special type of granite know as pink granite. When looking into this work of art the final question we should ask is, what elements should be noticed about this work?When looking at the Pyramids of Giza we should notice several different elements. We should look into the conventional, symbolic, and social elements of it. The formal elements of this artwork are sometimes overlooked. When looking at this piece of artwork compared to a painting, sculpture, or another type of art some people forget that it even is art. This structure didnt take one person a few hours to complete it took thousands of people many years to complete. serious stone was moved long distances without the use of machinery just to have a burial site for a few beings.The symbolic elements of the Pyramids of Giza are the most significant. The Pyramid is a sign that a very well known, respected individual has been sent onward to the after life, but his presence lead never be forgotten. The pyramid is a symbol of the suns rays shining down to Earth letting Khufus people know he is tranquil with them. Last but not least the social elements of the pyramids should be noticed. At this point in time in Ancient Egypt bodies were placed in tombs where the spirit of the body went to the afterlife, but the actual body had a place to rest from that point on.Although the Pyramids of Giza are much larger than others tombs, they are shut up simply a socially accepted place to be put to rest. All tombs are art because they have to be created, but the Pyramids of Giza are a much larger and complex piece of art. The time put into them, complexity of there structure, and the intellectual people that were put to the test to build this structure give it the elements of art that make it so magnificent. Works Cited Brier, Bob. How To haoma A Pyramid. (Cover Story). Archaeology 60. 3 (2007) 22-27. Master FILE Elite. Web. 1 April 2013. Carrol, Colleen. Clip &038 Save artistry Notes. Art &038 Activities 140. 5 (2007) 33-35. MasterFILE Elite. Web. 1 April 2013. Ikram, SalimaKamrin, Janice. Marks The Spot. Calliope (2012) 3-6. MasterFILE Elite. Web. 1 April 2013. Ikram, SalimaKamrin, Janice. The Majestic Three. Calliope (2012) 24-26. MasterFILE Elite. Web. 1 April 2013. Lesko, Leonard H. Preparing For The Afterlife. Calliope (2012) 7-11. MasterFILE Elite. Web. 1 April 2013. Schiff, Bennett. Out Of Egypt Art In The Age Of The Pyramids. (Cover Story). Smithsonian 30. 6 (1999) 108. MasterFILE Elite. Web. 1 April 2013.